Technology is a broad term that encompasses many tools and systems we use to solve problems faced by humans. This includes communication technologies such as the wheel, the alphabet, and the Internet, industrial production technologies such as factories and steam engines, and personal and home devices like computers, printers, and televisions. A key component of technology is that it enables people to do more with less time and effort. This is accomplished by optimizing processes and reducing the amount of energy consumed.

While science focuses on necessity and universality, technology must be concerned with contingencies and specificities, requiring a kind of rational rethinking to determine what is most appropriate and desirable in specific circumstances. This is why the notion of appropriate technology arose in the twentieth century (e.g., see Jacques Ellul).

A major problem is that once a piece of technology catches on, it tends to prioritize some set of low-resistance paths to some end over others. As a result, the pathway to some ends may be neglected or even eliminated altogether. For example, when digital cameras exploded, they deprioritized the analog photography pathway and its associated behaviors — inefficient, but gratifying workflows, long hours spent physically retouching photos, and so on.

The development of technology requires an iterative process that starts with the identification of a need, followed by research and experimentation with potential solutions. Once a promising solution is found, it must be produced and implemented, including manufacturing components and devices, as well as installing and maintaining the underlying software and systems that enable its operation. In addition, a technology must also be monitored and maintained to ensure it is functioning as intended.

In addition to the direct benefits of increased efficiency, many technologies are used as tools to shape culture. For instance, new communication technologies reduce barriers to interaction and can help spawn subcultures. However, not all forms of technology enhance culture in a positive way; it is possible to use technology for political oppression or war.

Educators are using technology to teach students in new ways. For example, some teachers are integrating virtual reality into the classroom to engage students and make learning more exciting. They also use gamification technology to turn lessons into video games, so students can participate in their own education and feel more engaged. Additionally, they are using online tools to help students learn and take assessments. In this way, students are able to master skills faster and in a more convenient manner. This enables them to stay ahead of their peers in the industry. It also helps them build a strong portfolio that will stand out to employers and clients. Moreover, the use of technology allows students to develop critical thinking skills. Having this skill will help them solve complex problems in the future. In addition, it will allow them to become more flexible and adaptable to change. This is because they will be able to deal with changing business environments and different technological challenges in the future.